Cerebral cysticercosis as a risk factor for stroke in young and middle-aged people.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE A probable association between cerebral cysticercosis and susceptibility to stroke, especially among young and middle-aged patients, has been reported. We examined the association between cerebral cysticercosis and stroke and the possible factors causing this association. METHODS In 169 stroke patients (75 males and 94 females) under 65 years of age admitted to our neurology department, we evaluated the following possible risk factors: arterial hypertension, diabetes, cardiac disease, hyperlipidemia, smoking, alcohol abuse, and cerebral cysticercosis. In 169 control patients under 65 years of age matched by sex and age, we evaluated the same possible risk factors for stroke. RESULTS In the univariate matched analyses, the frequencies of cerebral cysticercosis (p < 0.001), arterial hypertension (p < 0.001), cardiac disease (p < 0.001), hyperlipidemia (p < 0.05), and alcohol abuse (p = 0.05) were higher in the stroke patients than in the control patients. After controlling for possible confounding factors, we found that arterial hypertension (p < 0.001), cardiac disease (p < 0.001), and cerebral cysticercosis (p < 0.001) were independent risk factors for stroke. CONCLUSIONS Cerebral cysticercosis should be considered a risk factor for stroke in young and middle-aged individuals.